File:Food sources of vitamin B12 (vitamin B12-rich foods).pdf

English: About 61.3% of foods contained vitamin B₁₂ (also known as cobalamin). On the basis of the proposed method, the average (%) of foods containing appropriate vitamin B₁₂ levels in food groups was 43.57%, of which 9.05% was the average of vitamin B₁₂ source (good source of vitamin B₁₂) foods, and 34.52% was the average of high vitamin B₁₂ (excellent source of vitamin B₁₂) foods. Beef products with 99.35%, lamb, veal, and game products with 98.4%, finfish and shellfish products with 97.68%, pork products with 93.11%, sausages and luncheon meats with 82.21%, poultry products with 79.22%, fast foods with 72.49%, American Indian/Alaska Native foods with 70%, dairy and egg products with 67.16%, breakfast cereals with 56.88%, baby foods with 53.42%, restaurant foods with 52.05%, and meals, entrees, and side dishes with 47.3% had the highest averages of foods containing appropriate vitamin B₁₂ levels. Foods containing appropriate vitamin B₁₂ levels were not found in three food groups (cereal grains and pasta; nut and seed products; spices and herbs) and were very few in three food groups (fats and oils; fruits and fruit juices; vegetables and vegetable products).

The highest amounts of vitamin B₁₂ were found in most meats (meat from beef, veal, pork, finfish, shellfish, lamb, mutton, poultry, and meat from other species), energy drink (vitamin B₁₂-fortified), clam chowder, breakfast cereal (vitamin B₁₂-fortified), meat substitutes (vitamin B₁₂-fortified), fruit juice (vitamin B₁₂-fortified), formulated bar (vitamin B₁₂-fortified), water (vitamin B₁₂-fortified), almond milk drink (vitamin B₁₂-fortified), coconut milk drink (vitamin B₁₂-fortified), soy milk (vitamin B₁₂-fortified), pancakes (vitamin B₁₂-fortified), oyster stew, chunky turkey soup, whey protein, waffles (vitamin B₁₂-fortified), sausage and luncheon meat with meat as the main ingredient, nutrition shake (vitamin B₁₂-fortified), chili con carne, French toast (vitamin B₁₂-fortified), rice milk drink (vitamin B₁₂-fortified), vegetable oil spread (vitamin B₁₂-fortified), hamburger, cow milk, sheep milk, cheeseburger, yogurt, protein bar (vitamin B₁₂-fortified), chocolate bar (vitamin B₁₂-fortified), cream of shrimp soup, buttermilk, tripe soup, coffee prepared with milk, malted milk drink (prepared with milk), egg yolks, whole eggs (such as duck egg, goose egg, turkey egg, quail egg, and chicken egg), scrambled eggs, omelet, milkshakes, Swiss cheese, egg custard, kefir, Indian buffalo milk, Gjetost cheese, whey, cottage cheese, soup prepared with milk, cheese quesadilla, cheese enchilada, beef and mushroom soup (chunky), Tilsit cheese, fried mozzarella, instant breakfast drink (vitamin B₁₂-fortified), infant or child formula (vitamin B₁₂-fortified), eggnog, beef stroganoff soup (chunky), Queso Blanco cheese, Feta cheese, Fontina cheese, Queso Fresco cheese, corned beef hash, Brie cheese, pulled pork in barbecue sauce, and Gruyere cheese.

Suggested citation: Forouzesh, Abed; Forouzesh, Fatemeh; Samadi Foroushani, Sadegh; Forouzesh, Abolfazl. A new method for calculating vitamin B12 content and determining appropriate vitamin B12 levels in foods. SSRN 2022. DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.4133649