File:2002290117.full.pdf
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Description2002290117.full.pdf |
English: We report the experimental determination of the structure and response to applied electric field of the lower-temperature nematic phase of the previously reported calamitic compound 4-[(4-nitrophenoxy)carbonyl]phenyl2,4-dimethoxybenzoate (RM734). We exploit its electro-optics to visualize the appearance, in the absence of applied field, of a permanent electric polarization density, manifested as a spontaneously broken symmetry in distinct domains of opposite polar orientation. Polarization reversal is mediated by field-induced domain wall movement, making this phase ferroelectric, a 3D uniaxial nematic having a spontaneous, reorientable polarization locally parallel to the director. This polarization density saturates at a low temperature value of ∼6 µC/cm2, the largest ever measured for a fluid or glassy material. This polarization is comparable to that of solid state ferroelectrics and is close to the average value obtained by assuming perfect, polar alignment of molecular dipoles in the nematic. We find a host of spectacular optical and hydrodynamic effects driven by ultralow applied field (E ∼ 1 V/cm), produced by the coupling of the large polarization to nematic birefringence and flow. Electrostatic self-interaction of the polarization charge renders the transition from the nematic phase mean field-like and weakly first order and controls the director field structure of the ferroelectric phase. Atomistic molecular dynamics simulation reveals short-range polar molecular interactions that favor ferroelectric ordering, including a tendency for head-to-tail association into polar, chain-like assemblies having polar lateral correlations. These results indicate a significant potential for transformative, new nematic physics, chemistry, and applications based on the enhanced understanding, development, and exploitation of molecular electrostatic interaction. |
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https://www.pnas.org/content/early/2020/06/09/2002290117 https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2002290117 |
Author | Xi Chen et al. |
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current | 18:15, 12 June 2020 | 1,216 × 1,629, 11 pages (2.52 MB) | Pamputt (talk | contribs) | Uploaded a work by Xi Chen et al. from https://www.pnas.org/content/early/2020/06/09/2002290117 https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2002290117 with UploadWizard |
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Short title | First-principles experimental demonstration of ferroelectricity in a thermotropic nematic liquid crystal: Polar domains and striking electro-optics |
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Date and time of digitizing | 16:26, 10 June 2020 |
Software used | Arbortext Advanced Print Publisher 9.1.510/W Unicode |
File change date and time | 03:34, 12 June 2020 |
Date metadata was last modified | 03:34, 12 June 2020 |
Conversion program | Acrobat Distiller 10.0.0 (Windows) |
Encrypted | no |
Page size | 584.957 x 782.986 pts |
Version of PDF format | 1.4 |