File:NASA’s Webb Telescope Reveals Links Between Galaxies Near and Far (unlabeled inset boxes) (52619016131).png

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Last July, the Webb telescope released its very first image: the deepest and sharpest image ever seen. Zooming in on the data, scientists found 3 young, distant galaxies similar to rare, small galaxies called “green peas” in our cosmic backyard. Because the light has traveled so far to get to us, we’re seeing these 3 galaxies as they were up to 13.1 billion years ago.

Specifically, the galactic trio share chemical characteristics — oxygen, hydrogen, and neon signatures — with “green pea” galaxies. (“Green peas” resembled green dots in their discovery images.) Due to their similarities, researchers may be able to study nearby “green peas” in detail to learn more about distant early galaxies.

While Webb’s infrared vision is incredibly sensitive, in this case Webb had some help from space’s “magnifying glass.” The effect of gravitational lensing meant that the mass of the galaxy cluster in Webb’s image actually magnified these tiny, distant galaxies by up to 10 times.

The farthest of the 3 galaxies contains only 2% the oxygen found in a galaxy like ours. This suggests the galaxy is extremely young, as it contains very few heavy elements (like oxygen) recycled from earlier stars.

Learn more: www.nasa.gov/feature/goddard/2023/nasa-s-webb-telescope-r...

Credits: NASA, ESA, CSA, and STScI

Image description: This graphic highlights three young, distant galaxies. Most of the graphic is taken up by a cropped view of Webb’s image of galaxy cluster SMACS 0723. The image shows thousands of orange and white galaxies, mixed in with stars both large and small, against the darkness of space. There are three small white inset boxes on top of the image, with two clustered towards the right and one towards the left. Zoomed-in versions of the inset boxes, which can be found above, below and to the side of their tiny counterparts, show off the galaxies in greater detail. The spotlighted galaxies resemble red streaks or blobs, surrounded by white specks. The background of the graphic is black.
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Source NASA’s Webb Telescope Reveals Links Between Galaxies Near and Far (unlabeled inset boxes)
Author NASA's James Webb Space Telescope from Greenbelt, MD, USA

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This image was originally posted to Flickr by James Webb Space Telescope at https://flickr.com/photos/50785054@N03/52619016131. It was reviewed on 6 June 2023 by FlickreviewR 2 and was confirmed to be licensed under the terms of the cc-by-2.0.

6 June 2023

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